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Adaptation Plan - Protection:
Coastal protection including armed dikes and pumping, beach nourishment, and shoreline stabilization would cost $1-30 billion depending on boat access to the canals.
This is a viable short term solution and a relatively small portion of total infrastructure expenditure but would only delay the inevitable as continuous raising of the wall would be needed with SLR. It would also damage fisheries and marine ecosystems, and limit access to the coastline for recreation. It would also not be possible for high energy shorelines.
This protective approach is likely to be utilized along well developed shorelines in conjunction with the establishment of a seaward shoreline that will be allowed to alter with SLR.
Coastal protection including armed dikes and pumping, beach nourishment, and shoreline stabilization would cost $1-30 billion depending on boat access to the canals.
This is a viable short term solution and a relatively small portion of total infrastructure expenditure but would only delay the inevitable as continuous raising of the wall would be needed with SLR. It would also damage fisheries and marine ecosystems, and limit access to the coastline for recreation. It would also not be possible for high energy shorelines.
This protective approach is likely to be utilized along well developed shorelines in conjunction with the establishment of a seaward shoreline that will be allowed to alter with SLR.